Based on a review of the literature, the article proposes a state of the art centered on agroecology, a polysemic concept, in order to shed light on its scope for viticulture and its application within the framework of a project research aimed at understanding and building the agroecological transition in vineyards. Agroecology is considered alternately as a scientific discipline offering a systemic analysis by integrating human and social sciences, as a set of practices integrating the principles of ecology in agronomy (working with nature), or as a social movement. The scale of analysis has gradually been broadened from the level of agricultural plots to the level of territories, up to comprehensive approaches to the food system. Vine is a perennial monoculture for which the challenges of agroecological transition are particularly strong, in view of the strong pressure of pesticides applied for phytosanitary protection. This debate, which has become societal, implies an evolution of wine production systems in order to meet environmental and public health issues. In order to be able to construct and evaluate agroecological transition scenarios with professionals in the sector, we carried out a review of the literature which highlighted various agroecological practices in vineyards: preservation of biodiversity, reduction in the use of pesticides by regulation of pests and weeds, conservation of crop quality soils. It also provides an opportunity to discuss the issues of broadening the meaning of the concept of agroecology in the current context. These elements are essential for identifying evaluation criteria in scenarios construction for the evolution of wine production conventional methods, as part of the ecological transition.
CITATION STYLE
MacAry, F., Guerendel, F., & Alonso Ugaglia, A. (2020). What contributions from the literature to understand and build the agroecological transition in viticulture? Cahiers Agricultures. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2020035
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