Haptic shape cues, invariants, priors and interface design

Abstract

Perception is often discussed by reference to cues as separate sources of information for the perceiver [1]. With vision and audition, the list of such known cues is quite extensive [2, 3]. For example, visual depth perception in humans is thought to rely on monocular, oculomotor and binocular cues. Monocular depth cues include motion parallax, color contrast, perspective, relative size, relative height, focus, occlusion, shading, texture gradient, shadows, interreflections, and others. Oculomotor cues include accommodation and convergence. Binocular cues include disparity-based stereopsis. Such collections have been also identified for other object qualities such as size or color. With audition, say for object localization, there are analogous notions, such as interaural time difference, interaural intensity differences, or spectral cues related to head-related transfer functions, in addition to monaural cues [4].