Vasodilator therapy in cardiac failure

Abstract

In recent years, vasodilator drugs are considered a standard therapy for patients with symptomatic heart failure. Isosorbide dinitrate, venodilator, shows a striking fall in cardiac filling pressure. Hydralazine, arterially active vasodilator, decreases afterload and increases cardiac output. The combined use of nitrates and hydralazine shows synergistic effect in increasing cardiac output, lowering cardiac filling pressure and improving exercise tolerance and life expectancy. Prazosin showed no favourable effect on survival in a V-HeFT trial. Although calcium antagonists have been expected to improve hemodynamics in the patients with heart failure, there have been no controlled large trial to prove that the hemodynamic effect is accompanied by any improvement in exercise tolerance or quality of life. At the present, it is considered to be reasonable to use nitrates and hydralazine combined with ACE inhibitors, in patients with chronic heart failure.