Evaluation of the Anti-Microbial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of True Frangipani (Plumeria Rubra) for the Prevention and Treatment of Diseases in Animal Agriculture

Abstract

Plumeria rubra (frangipani) leaves and flowers were extracted using ethyl acetate by maceration process of solvent extraction. The leaves and flowers were screened for phytochemicals, anti-microbial and anti- inflammatory activities. The leaves and flower extracts showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, balsam, cardiac glycosides, phenols, terpenes and steroids. The extract indicates the absence of flavonoids, saponins and resins. The leaves and flower extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, resins, terpenes and steroids; absence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins and balsam. The zones of inhibition ranges from 10-28mm and the plant extracts showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. It was more pronounced on gram negative bacteria especially Proteus mirabilis. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate crude extract was effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is usually resistant to most antimicrobial agents. The extracts were also effective against the fungi Candida albicans. The results of the study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for the prevention and treatment of diseases in animal agriculture.