Fairness of Intensity of Energy Consumption for Cooling Targets

Abstract

In Indonesia, the auditing of building energy follows the procedure of SNI 6196-2011, while the whole building's performance evaluation uses the criteria of the GBCI. Both institutions' target is based on the intensity of energy consumption (IEC), of which 65% is the intensity of energy consumption for cooling (IECC). This research studied the IECCs of hotels in Indonesia, using a computer-simulation method with the Design Builder software. A virtual hotel was constructed based on two design scenarios, using (1) ordinary design and (2) green design as suggested by the GBCI. The two variables used were the hotel's geographical coordinates and altitude. The research found a significant potential for cooling energy savings if, in particular, the building's altitude was considered in the standards. Green buildings in lower altitudes have their IECC higher than those in higher altitudes. The highest IECC is 191.79 kWh/m2.year for a green hotel in Medan, which is 35.71 kWh/m2.year lower than GBCI standard. The lowest IECC is 85.39 kWh/m2.year for a green hotel in Bandung, which is 142.11 kWh/m2.year lower than GBCI standard. The average deviations of the IECCs from the standards of the GBCI and the ASEAN USAID were 76.25 kW/m2.year and 43.75 kW/m2.year, respectively.