Understanding precautionary behaviors among neighbors of COVID-19-positive patients using health belief model: An analysis from available evidence

Abstract

Background: COVID 19 pandemic is a unique public health challenge affecting millions globally. Asymptomatic carriers are a primary concern. Prevention is the only cure. Interruption of transmission dynamics is identified and accepted as a key containment strategy to prevent community spread. Risk perceptions influence precautionary behaviors which subsequently affect adherence to lockdown and home quarantines. The presence of positive patients in locality creates panic as many contacts have to undergo testing and quarantines/isolations. Objectives: The present study assesses the perception of close contacts in the neighborhood applying the health behavior model after one of their neighbors tested positive. Materials and Methods: A mixed-method month long study was conducted among close contacts of a proven positive case. Data were elicited using online questionnaires after necessary consent and permission and analyzed accordingly. Results: The perceived stress and susceptibility were high. Risk perception was high, and health care workers were considered a potential threat to the community. Similar studies have been compared. The residential complex was declared a containment zone. Conclusion: Researchers concluded risk perceptions as high and emphasized the need for pandemic preparedness. A larger study is recommended.