Steroid Receptor Coactivator-2 Controls the Pentose Phosphate Pathway through RPIA in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells

Abstract

Steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) is a transcriptional coregulator that modulates the activity of many transcription factors. Levels of SRC-2 are elevated in endometrial biopsies from polycystic ovary syndrome patients, a population predisposed to endometrial cancer (EC). Increased expression of SRC-2 is also detected in neoplastic endometrium suggesting a causal link between elevated SRC-2 expression and the emergence of endometrial disorders that can lead to cancer. Here, we reveal that SRC-2 knockdown reduces EC cell proliferation and anchorage-independence. Additionally, SRC-2 is required to maintain cellular glycolytic capacity and oxidative phosphorylation, processes essential for EC cell proliferation. Importantly, SRC-2 is critical for the normal performance of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Perturbation of the PPP due to loss of SRC-2 expression may result from the depletion of ribose-5-P isomerase (RPIA), a key enzyme of the PPP. As with SRC-2, RPIA knockdown reduces EC cell proliferation, which is accompanied by a decrease in glycolytic capacity and oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose metabolite tracking experiments confirmed that knockdown of SRC-2 and RPIA downregulates the metabolic rate of both glycolysis and the PPP, highlighting a novel regulatory cross-talk between glycolysis and the PPP modulated by SRC-2.