Heavy Metals Causing Toxicity in Fishes

Abstract

The heavy metals mainly include Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Ag, etc. The heavy metals,Pb,Cu,Zn are considered most toxic to humans, fishes and environment. highly concentrations of heavy metals are harmful They destabilize ecosystems because of their bioaccumulation in organisms, and toxic effects on biota and even death in most living beings. All heavy metals, in spite some of them are essential micronutrients, have their toxic effects on living organisms via metabolic interference and mutagenesis. The bioaccumulation of toxic metals can happen in the body and food chain. So, the toxic metals generally exhibit chronic toxicity. The heavy metals like Pb has significant toxic effects-The heavy metals are important pollutants for fishes, because these are not eliminated from aquatic systems by natural methods, such as organic pollutants, and are enriched in mineral organic substances. happen of heavy metals differs in fishes, depending on their age, development and other physiological factors. the fishes are apopulation which can be highly affected by these toxic pollutants. Heavy metals can have toxic effects on different organ-They can enter into the water by drainage, atmosphere, soil erosion, and all human activities in different ways. As the heavy metals concentrated more in the environment, they enter biogeochemical cycle, leading to toxicity.