Distributed and Energy Balanced Routing for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks are energy constraint. To minimize the energy usage, data is forwarded through short paths leading to uneven energy usage and causing network partitioning. Hence, energy balancing should also be considered along with energy consumption. Recently, energy harvesting nodes have gained popularity in solving the limited battery life of sensors. Energy harvesting nodes harvest energy from solar, wind, etc. and replenish their battery. But harvesting is sporadic and costly. Hence, in this paper, we propose a hybrid network with both energy harvesting and normal nodes. A distributed routing protocol considering energy usage and balancing is formed along with fault tolerance. Energy density, distance between the nodes and residual energy, is considered to choose relay nodes. Network is rerouted if any node failure is detected in the routing path. The proposed algorithm is compared with existing method. Results show that proposed DEBH performs efficiently when compared with previous method.