Headache

Abstract

The presenting complaint of headache is very common and has widely varying causes, from the mundane (e.g., tension headache or upper respiratory infection) to the catastrophic (e.g., intracranial hemorrhage or neoplasm). The history and physical exam are the mainstays of diagnosis, and these will guide further decision-making whether or not imaging or specialist referral is necessary. Regardless of etiology, however, the vast majority of patients with headache will obtain relief from relatively uncomplicated pharmacologic regimens. This chapter will provide an overview of headache physiology, classification, workup, and treatment.