Comparative Nematocidal Efficacy of Coriander Oils Against Haemonchus Contortus

Abstract

This study aimed to define the active phytochemical constituents of extracted oil and, commercially available one of Coriandrum and to investigate the anthelmintic impacts of its major components against the diverse stages of Haemonchus contortus. The compositional analysis of the extracted and commercial oil of Coriandrum was carried out via GC/MS. The chromatography revealed the poor quality of commercial oil available in local markets than the extracted ones because of trace content of major component, linalool. Detection of the anthelmintic effect of crude extracted coriander essential oil, and the pure components of geraniol, linalool, and eugenol, at six concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8mg/mL) were evaluated employing egg hatch assay against H. contortus eggs. The coriander and geraniol showed higher and reproducible inhibitory egg hatching activity even at the lowest concentrations (0.25 mg/ml) up to 86 and 100%, respectively. Both essential oils exhibited a marked inhibitory activity against adult and larval motility in a dose-dependent manner. The nematocidal effect of the coriander essential oil on treated adult worms was indicated by cuticular changes induced with concentration of 4mg/mL on the histological examination compared to the untreated worms. The safety results of the body and organ weights, oxidative stress and biochemical parameters confirmed that the administration of coriander and geraniol oils (50mg/kg) is a great extent biologically safe. Our findings showed that the coriander and geraniol have potential anthelmintic activity against H. contortus and can be taken for a long time with no side effects.