Scalable production of highly sensitive nanosensors based on graphene functionalized with a designed G protein-coupled receptor

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Abstract

We have developed a novel, all-electronic biosensor for opioids that consists of an engineered μ-opioid receptor protein, with high binding affinity for opioids, chemically bonded to a graphene field-effect transistor to read out ligand binding. A variant of the receptor protein that provided chemical recognition was computationally redesigned to enhance its solubility and stability in an aqueous environment. A shadow mask process was developed to fabricate arrays of hundreds of graphene transistors with average mobility of ∼1500 cm2 V-1 s-1 and yield exceeding 98%. The biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for the target naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, with a detection limit of 10 pg/mL. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

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Lerner, M. B., Matsunaga, F., Han, G. H., Hong, S. J., Xi, J., Crook, A., … Johnson, A. T. C. (2014). Scalable production of highly sensitive nanosensors based on graphene functionalized with a designed G protein-coupled receptor. Nano Letters, 14(5), 2709–2714. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl5006349

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