Traditional Malay Marriage Ceremonies in Brunei Darussalam: Between Adat and Syariah

Abstract

Brunei Darussalam is an Islamic Malay state well known for its local cultural heritage and adat (customs and traditions) that have been steadfastly maintained to this day. Adat is considered to be one of the most significant practices that reflects the unique identity and foundation of Brunei Malay society and culture. It is part of what is referred to as ‘calak Brunei’, the Brunei mould or way, and has been practised and passed down from one generation to another. Adat functions as a social, political and cultural marker of Brunei Malay society. However, with increasing Islamisation, there has been a decline in the performance and practice of adat, especially in traditional Malay marriage customs which are in part regarded as religiously incompatible with adat. This chapter explores the tensions and contestations between adat and Islam in the practices of marriage customs, and documents the various changes and negotiations made to accommodate adat within Islamic practices and values.