Different strategies to recover the activity of monomeric triosephosphate isomerase by directed evolution

Abstract

A monomeric version of triosephosphate isomerase from Trypanosoma brucei, Mono TIM, has very low activity, and the same is true for all of the additional monomeric variants so far constructed. Here, we subjected Mono TIM to directed evolution schemes to achieve an activity improvement. The construction of a suitable strain for genetic selection provided an effective way to obtain active catalysts from a diverse population of protein variants. We used this tool to identify active mutants from two different strategies of mutagenesis: random mutagenesis of the whole gene and randomization of loop 2. Both strategies converged in the isolation of mutations Ala43 to Pro and Thr44 to either Ala or Ser, when randomizing the entire gene or to Arg in the case of randomization of loop 2. The kinetic characterization of the two more active mutants showed an increase of 11-fold in kcat and a reduction of 4-fold in Km for both of them, demonstrating the sensitivity of the selection method. A small difference in growth rate is observed when both mutant genes are compared, which seems to be attributable to a difference in solubility of the expressed proteins.