Identification of Pm24, Pm35 and Pm37 in thirteen Egyptian bread wheat cultivars using SSR markers

  • Emara H
  • Omar A
  • El-Shamy M
  • et al.
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Powdery mildew of wheat (Triticum spp.) caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (DC) E.O. Speer Em. Marchal is one of the most important bread wheat diseases in Egypt. All the Egyptian common bread wheat cultivars are susceptible to that disease at seedling and adult stages. Breeding of resistant cultivars is the most economical and environmentally safe method to eliminate the disease and reduce crop losses. Combinations of two or more effective resistance genes may lead to better, more durable resistance to that disease. Eight Pm genes i.e. Pm2, Pm6, Pm12, Pm16, Pm24, Pm35, Pm36 and Pm37 out of 21 powdery mildew monogenic wheat lines (Pm) were resistant to 42 individual isolates of powdery mildew collected from different governorates in the Nile Delta area, Egypt, at seedling and adult stages. Only four DNA specific SSR markers (Xgwm337, Xcfd7 linked to Pm24, Pm35 and Xgwm332, Xwmc790) linked to Pm37 resistance genes were selected to detect these genes in 13 Egyptian common bread wheat cultivars. This study reveals the absence of Pm24, Pm35 and Pm37 in all the 13 Egyptian bread wheat cultivars. These results gave evidence that the Egyptian cultivars are not having resistance genes and need to further incorporate one, two or more resistant genes in a single genotype as all commercial cultivars defeated by the pathogen.RESUMO O oídio causado por Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (DC) E.O. Speer Em. Marchal é uma das doenças mais importantes do trigo (Triticum spp.) no Egito. Todos os cultivares de trigo egípcios são suscetíveis a essa doença tanto na fase jovem quanto em plantas adultas. O melhoramento genético de cultivares resistentes é o método mais econômico e ambientalmente seguro para eliminar a doença e reduzir as perdas de colheita. As combinações de dois ou mais genes de resistência podem conduzir a uma maior resistência a essa doença. Oito Pm genes (Pm2, Pm6, Pm12, Pm16, Pm24, Pm35, Pm36 e Pm37) entre 21 linhagens monogênicas de trigo foram resistentes a 42 isolados individuais de oídio coletados em diferentes províncias na área do Delta do Nilo, no Egito, em plantas jovens e adultas. Quatro marcadores microssatélites de DNA específicos, (Xgwm337, Xcfd7 ligada a Pm24, Pm35 e Xgwm332, Xwmc790) ligados a genes de resistência Pm37 foram selecionados para detectar esses genes em 13 cultivares de trigo egípcios. Nosso estudo revela a ausência de Pm24, Pm35 e Pm37 em todos os 13 cultivares de trigo egípcios. Estes resultados demonstram que os cultivares egípcios não possuem genes de resistência e necessitam incorporar um, dois ou mais genes resistentes num genótipo e nos cultivares comerciais suscetíveis ao patógeno.

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APA

Emara, H. M., Omar, A. F., El-Shamy, M. M., & Mohamed, M. E. (2016). Identification of Pm24, Pm35 and Pm37 in thirteen Egyptian bread wheat cultivars using SSR markers. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 40(3), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542016403036315

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