Harmony search algorithm for high-demand facility locations considering traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emission

Abstract

Large facilities in urban areas generate lots of traffic and cause congestion that waste social time and become a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG). To overcome a shortcoming of the fixed transportation cost in conventional facility models, the congestion effect by facility users as well as general drivers in networks, with increased GHG emission is considered. In this paper, several Harmony Search algorithms with local search are developed and compared to the existing Tabu Search algorithm in a variety of networks. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach and local search method can find better or comparable solution than other methods within a given time.