The Role of Design in Use in Agriculture: The Case of Brazilian Crops

Abstract

Harvesting is one of the most critical phases in any crop once it determines the quality of raw material obtained and future production for the next seasons. Sugarcane crops are more uniform allowing the complete mechanization of harvesting. Orange crops, on the other hand, present variability and require special handling to preserve quality so the harvesting process remains manual preponderantly. The aim of this research was to explore how the distinct characteristics of sugarcane and orange crops influence the construction of instruments, promoting a discussion about design in use in Brazilian fields and its role to improve productivity and safety. Multiple case study was conducted at 9 sites: 3 sites of sugarcane crops and 6 sites of orange crops. Task analysis, observations, interviews, questionnaires and video footage were undertaken at each site. The modifications made by the harvesting teams in all studied sites aimed the appropriateness of objects to local conditions and real needs, transforming them in instruments, improving reliability, safety, health and productivity. In agriculture, a sector where working conditions still need to be significantly improved especially in developing countries, it is argued that design in use appears as a solution for the problems faced by workers in the field, as an essential mean to maintain health and productivity at work.