Review of present UK marine energy policy and developments

Abstract

Marine renewable energy can meet the challenges of climate change and energy security. It is highly predictable making it invaluable to an energy portfolio. The UK, being surrounded by oceans, is well positioned to exploit the marine renewable energy resource of approximately 89 TWh/year. Between 1-2.5 GW could be deployed by 2020, providing 3% of UK electricity. This paper looks at the UK Government policies to encourage growth in marine renewables, focusing specifically on Wales and the Welsh Assembly Government’s ambitous objectives. The Welsh Assembly Government Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales includes an ambition to produce more electricity from renewables than Welsh consumers demand within 20 years. A new marine renewable energy industry has advantages beyond carbon reduction targets. Domestically sourced energy will alleviate energy security concerns, give employment and create export opportunities. Currently, the UK is considered to be the furthest along the road to commercial marine renewable devices, however, the rest of the world are increasingly closing the lead. To prevent Britain being overtaken, as occurred in the development of the wind industry, investor confidence must be increased through government policy intervention, backed up with governmental action.