Emission evaluation on 3-hole and 4-hole nozzle diesel engine with Jatropha and Pongamia (Karanja) mixed bio oil

Abstract

The present study aims in developing an alternative energy solution for compression ignition engine with mixed bio oils from Jatropha and Pongamia (Karanja) vegetable. The high viscosity of the oil was reduced by preheating and transesterification process. The properties of the oil namely viscosity, density, calorific value and flash point were evaluated. The exhaust emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine were examined using 3 hole (3H) and 4 hole (4H) nozzle with 80:20 diesel and biodiesel ratio. The 3H nozzle exhibits the optimum emission levels as per the Indian norms. At no load condition, both 3H and 4H have the emission with same NOX composition while 4H produces more CO2 and least CO and HC. As the load increases the NOX gases emission increases wherein 4H produces more NOX gas than 3H nozzle. CO gas stabilized to 0.01% from the load of 2 kg itself for 4H whilst the 3H nozzle stabilized on 8 kg.