Effect of Ruminal NH3-N Levels on Ruminal Fermentation, Purine Derivatives, Digestibility and Rice Straw Intake in Swamp Buffaloes

Abstract

The experiment was aimed at studying the effect of ruminal NH3-N levels on ruminal fermentation, microbial population, urinary purine derivative excretion, digestibility and rice straw intake in swamp buffaloes. Five, 3 to 4 years old, rumen fistulated swamp buffaloes were randomly assigned according to a 5x5 Latin square design to receive five different intraruminal infusions of NH4HCO3 (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 g/d) on a continuous daily basis. Rice straw as a roughage was offered ad libitum while concentrate was given at 0.8% BW daily. The results were that as levels of NH4HCO3 increased, ruminal NH3-N concentrations increased from 7.1 to 34.4 mg%. The highest digestibility and voluntary straw intakes were found at 13.6 to 17.6 mg% ruminal NH3-N levels; straw intake was highest at 13.6 mg%. Total bacterial and protozoal counts linearly increased as the ruminal NH3-N increased and were highest at 17.6 mg%. Total urinary purine derivatives and allantoin excretion were highest (44.0, 37.4 mM/d) at 17.6 mg% ruminal NH3-N. Highest total VFAs (115 mM) were obtained at 13.6 mg% ruminal NH3-N while blood urea nitrogen significantly increased as ruminal NH3-N increased. The results from this experiment suggest that optimum ruminal NH3-N in swamp buffaloes is higher than 13.6 mg%, for improving rumen ecology, microbial protein synthesis, digestibility and straw intake.