Composición bioquímica del ostión Hyotissa hyotis (Linnaeus, 1758) durante La Niña 1998-1999 y El Niño 1997-1998 en el Golfo de California

Abstract

Changes in biochemical composition of adductor muscle, gonad, and digestive gland of Hyotissa hyotis, and their relationship to reproduction were studied during the events of La Niña (1998-1999) and El Niño (1997-1998). In the last event, adductor muscle was the main storage organ of protein and carbohydrates. Lipids were mainly stored in gonad and digestive gland. Although proteins were the highest concentrated substrate in the three organs studied, they were not utilized in reproduction; therefore proteins accumulate in maturity and their highest values occur at spawning during August. Changes in carbohydrates concentration of adductor muscle suggest that this is the most utilized substrate during the reproductive cycle. When comparing the two events, El Niño and La Niña, a significant difference in concentration of protein and carbohydrates occurs in the last period. It is likely that environment conditions prevailing during this period enhance abundance of protein-rich food, especially in summer and autumn. With regards to the accumulated lipid concentration it is concluded that both events El Niño and La Niña did not affect it. In the two events, the highest gonad lipid concentration was noted during reproduction. As decreasing the adductor muscle carbohydrates, lipids of digestive gland and gonad are used up, thus furnishing the needed energy for the rest of the spawning season.