Congenital Dysplasia and Dislocation of the Hip in Children and Adults

Abstract

For more than 100 years, congenital dislocation of the hip has been an area of concern in orthopedics. This publications on the subject are al most too numerous to count. Yet our knowledge of the basic principles of congenital hip dislocation and its management is constantly being expanded by new research. In Germanspeaking countries, Kaiser pub lished the last comprehensive textbook on congenital hip dislocation in 1958, and Schlegel followed with a comprehensive handbook in 1961. In the Angloamerican world, Coleman's monograph was pub lished in 1978, Somerville's in 1982, and Wilkinson's in 1985. In 1982 Tachdjian compiled a volume on congenital hip dislocation that con tained contributions from 44 authorities. The purpose of the present book is to provide an overview of our pre sent state of knowledge of congenital hip dislocation, covering basic principles, diagnosis, methods of closed and open treatment, and indi cations. In the process, an attempt is made to trace progress in the field from its beginnings to the present time. Many authors describe the diagnosis and treatment of congenital hip dysplasia and dislocation in terms of specific age groups. We believe it is more prudent to take an individualized approach based on arthro graphic findings and the degree of severity of pathologic changes. Less emphasis is placed here on the management of patients by age group. 1 Anatomic Aspects -- 2 Development of the Hip Joint -- 3 Development of the Vascular System of the Hip Joint and Its Variations with Reference to Ischemia -- 4 Introduction to the Biomechanics of the Hip -- 5 Etiology of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip -- 6 Pathologic Anatomy of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip -- 7 Nomenclature and Classification of Congenital Hip Dislocation -- 8 Clinical Examination of the Hip -- 9 General Radiography of the Hip Joint -- 10 Arthrography of the Hip Joint -- 11 Computed Tomography of the Hip Joint -- 12 Radiation Exposure and Radiation Protection -- 13 Clinical and Radiographic Schemes for Evaluating Therapeutic Results -- 14 The Ultrasound Examination of the Hip -- 15 Diagnosis of Congenital Dysplasia and Dislocation of the Hip and Indications for Therapeutic Measures -- 16 The Conservative Treatment of Congenital Dysplasia and Dislocation of the Hip -- 17 Technique of the Conservative Treatment of Hip Dysplasia and Dislocation -- 18 Ischemic Necrosis of the Femoral Head in the Treatment of Congenital Hip Dislocation -- 19 On the History of the Treatment of Congenital Hip Dislocation -- 20 Published Results on the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Hip Dislocation -- 21 Reports on the Results of the Closed Treatment of Congenital Hip Dislocation at Different Ages Using Various Methods -- 22 Technique of Open Reduction of the Congenitally Dislocated Hip -- 23 Review of the Literature on Open Reduction of the Hip -- 24 Femoral Osteotomies to Improve the Hip Joint -- 25 Pelvic Operations for Dysplasia of the Hip -- 26 Total Hip Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Hip Dysplasia with Osteoarthritis -- 27 Survey of the Literature on the Surgical Management of Hip Dysplasia and Femoral Neck Deformities -- 28 On the Indications for Operative and Nonoperative Treatment Measures in Hip Dysplasia -- 29 Clinical Examples of Indications for Operative and Nonoperative Treatment Measures, and the Management of Complications -- 30 Literatur -- 31 Subject Index.