Performance comparison of intelligent techniques based image watermarking

Abstract

The correlations between image characteristics and the Human Visual System (HVS) are investigated in this paper to present their effect on the performance of different image watermarking approaches. The human eye is highly sensitive to various image’s characteristics either in spatial domain or in frequency domain. Analyzing these characteristics according to the HVS takes place using different intelligent techniques. These techniques manipulate image characteristics to identify the visual significant locations or coefficients in host image for holding watermark. Inserting watermark in host image through these locations or coefficients would be acceptable with less vulnerability to attacks and causing less noticeable visual distortion on image. Some of intelligent watermarking approaches exploiting the correlation between image characteristics and HVS, are explored and compared for their performance in terms of imperceptibility, robustness and computational complexity.