Comparison of neuroprotective effects of flavonoids, terpenoids, and their combinations from Ginkgo biloba on ischemia-reperfusion - Injured mice

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Abstract

Progress intreating cerebral ischemia with an extract of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae), commonly known as EGb 761, has been made in the past. However, neuroprotective interaction of the two main active fractions, flavonoids and terpenoids, still remains vague. In the current study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo flavonoids, terpenoids, and their combinations in ratios of 16:1, 4:1, and 1:1 on brain damage in mice injured by ischemia-reperfusion. Pretreatment with total flavonoids, total terpenoids, their three combinations, or EGb 761 for 7 days each at two doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg might elevate latency and decrease error numbers to different extents in the passive avoidance test, but only the action of the 4:1 combination besides EGb 761 was significant. In addition, the gasping time in decapitated mice was prolonged markedly by the 4:1 and 1:1 combinations at 15 and 30 mg/kg and by total flavonoids other than total terpenoids at 30 mg/kg. Neurochemical assays further showed that flavonoids significantly decreased malondialdehyde, superoxide anion contents, and xanthine oxidase activity, meanwhile terpenoids markedly suppressed myeloperoxidase activity besides its slight antioxidant effect. These findings suggest that flavonoids and terpenoids contribute synergistically to the neuroprotection of EGb 761 mainly via antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity, respectively, and the 4:1 combination, namely the natural ratio in EGb 761, shows the strongest effects among those of the three combinations. © 2007 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

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Mu, L., Kou, J., Zhu, D., & Yu, B. (2007). Comparison of neuroprotective effects of flavonoids, terpenoids, and their combinations from Ginkgo biloba on ischemia-reperfusion - Injured mice. Pharmaceutical Biology, 45(9), 728–733. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200701575486

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