An overview on molecular markers for detection of ochratoxigenic fungi in coffee beans

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins. Its occurrence in several agricultural commodities has been considered a worldwide problem. This toxin is mainly produced by Aspergillus species. OTA has nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, and carcinogenic effects and consequently the contamination with this toxin represents a high risk for human and animal health. In the last 5 years, several investigators have applied molecular methods in order to develop PCR assays for identifying and quantifying OTA-producing fungi in coffee beans samples. The main objective is to allow the detection of microorganisms capable of producing OTA, preferentially prior to ochratoxin production and accumulation. In this contribution several of these attempts will be reviewed and discussed.