Rotational atherectomy followed by drug-coated balloon dilation for left main in-stent restenosis in the setting of acute coronary syndrome complicated with right coronary chronic total occlusion

Abstract

An 83-year-old man presented with recurrent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at the left main coronary artery (LMCA) complicated with ostial chronic total occlusion (CTO) in the right coronary artery (RCA) (RCA-CTO). At the first LMCA-ACS approximately 1 year earlier, he had undergone LMCA-crossover stenting with a biolimus-eluting stent in the presence of RCA-CTO. At the second LMCA-ACS, we angiographically confirmed severe in-stent restenosis in the distal LMCA, in addition to angled severe stenosis in the just proximal LCx, and performed primary PCI for the LMCA bifurcation lesion under intra-aortic balloon pumping support. Because of difficulty in crossing a guidewire through the just proximal LCx lesion, we first performed rotational atherectomy against the LMCA in-stent eccentric lesion. After successfully crossing the guidewire into the LCx, we added balloon dilation with kissing balloon inflation followed by alternate drug-coated balloon dilation. An eight-month follow-up coronary angiography revealed no further vessel narrowing in the LMCA bifurcation lesion.