Understanding challenges at the “last-mile” in developing an effective risk communication to reduce people’s vulnerability in context of tsunami early warning and evacuation

Abstract

The paper presents a framework for assessing vulnerability in the context of tsunami early warning and evacuation at the local level. A case study in the city of Padang, Indonesia was given as a showcase on analysis of the vulnerability component of understanding and response to the early warning. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of household surveys as well as various semi-structured and non-structured interviews derive important parameters that should be considered in development an effective risk communication.