Novel techniques for the preparation of shape-memory polymers, polymer blends and composites at micro and nanoscales

Abstract

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are one type of smart materials that are capable to recover from a “fixed” temporary shape to a “memorized” original shape under external stimulus. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview about the preparation methods of shape-memory polymers, polymer blends, and composites. Following a brief introduction of SMPs, the strategies for the preparation of conventional SMPs such as chemical cross-linking of thermoplastic polymers, single-step polymerization of monomers/prepolymers with cross-linkers, one-step synthesis of phase-segregated block copolymers are reviewed. Next, the notable recent progress in SMP blends are systemically studied including direct blending of different polymers, addition of a third component into blends, novel processing methods, etc. Third, the researches in SMP composites including reinforcement effect, indirect thermal stimuli-responsive effects, novel shape-memory effect, and functional applications are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future advancements of SMP blends and composites are proposed.