Anatomia de algumas espécies aquáticas de Eriocaulaceae Brasileiras

Abstract

The anatomy of roots, stems, leaves, and scapes of Eriocaulon elichrysoides, Leiothrix fluitans, Paepalanthus obtusifolius, Philodice hoffmannseggii, Syngonanthus caulescens, and Tonina fluviatilis were studied. All species are aquatic Eriocaulaceae that occur in Brazilian ecosystems. This paper aims to describe the anatomical characterization as well as the interpretation of the adaptations related to the environment. These species present roots with spongy and whitish aspect; air storage in the cortex; thin-walled uniseriate epidermal cells; differentiated cortex; uniseriate endodermis, and uniseriate or multiseriate pericycle. L. fluitans, P. obtusifolius, and T. fluviatilis present roots that store and roots that do not store air in the cortex. The stems are aerial or rhizomatous, with or without thickening resulted from the activity of the pericycle. Leaves and scapes present thin-walled epidermal cells, stomata on the abaxial surface, loosely aggregated chlorenchyma, reduced collenchyma, and collateral vascular bundles. The anatomical features observed are those typical of plants of aquatic or wet habitats. They are convergent and occur in different genera of Eriocaulaceae.