Review on Motivational Theories & Models: Its application for Employees’ Retention in Organizations

Abstract

Employees are the most important resource of an organization. Their significance to organizations calls for not only the need to select the best employees but also the necessity to retain them in the organization for a long period. This paper focuses on the review and analysis of motivational theories and models to identify how their ideas can be used for the retention of employees in the organization. This research closely looked at the following five theories and three models: 1. Job embeddedness theory, 2. Maslow’s theory of Hierarchy of Needs, 3. Hertzberg’s theory, 4. David McClelland’s theory of motivation and 5. Job coupling theory etc., The models were chosen are 1) Zinger Model, 2) ERC‘s Retention Model. 3) Integrated System for Retaining Employees. The study concluded that further investigations need to be conducted on employees’ retention on different businesses and industrial setup to better comprehend this complex field to better equip organizations with the knowledge necessary to improve their retention capability.