Spatial clustering of suicide and associated community characteristics, Idaho, 2010-2014

Abstract

Introduction In 2015, Idaho had the fifth highest suicide rate in the United States. Little is known about the characteristics of areas in Idaho with high suicide rates. To aid suicide prevention efforts in the state, we sought to identify and characterize spatial clusters of suicide. Methods We obtained population data from the 2010 US Census and the 2010-2014 American Community Survey, analyzed data on suicides from death certificates, and used a discrete Poisson model in SaTScan to identify spatial clusters of suicide. We used logistic regression to examine associations between suicide clustering and population characteristics. Results We found 2 clusters of suicide during 2010-2014 that accounted for 70 (4.7%) of 1,501 suicides in Idaho. Areas within clusters were positively associated with the following population characteristics: median age ≤31.1 years versus >31.1 years (multivariable- adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-5.6), >53% female vs ≤53% female (aOR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.8; P = .01), >1% American Indian/Alaska Native vs ≤1% American Indian/Alaska Native (aOR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4-6.3), and >30% never married vs ≤30% never married (aOR = 3.4; 95% CI, 1.5-8.0; P = .004). Conclusion Idaho suicide prevention programs should consider using results to target prevention efforts to communities with disproportionately high suicide rates.