Cognitive Reappraisal

Abstract

This chapter illustrates cognitive reappraisal through a description of techniques for delivering cognitive restructuring. It demonstrates the way in which foci on defusion and present-moment awareness can be used in conjunction in order to achieve psychological flexibility. A growing body of research devotes attention to the mechanisms by which cognitive reappraisal achieves desired outcomes in treatment. The chapter describes the techniques for delivering cognitive restructuring: the cognitive reappraisal approach that is often used by cognitive behavioral therapists. Cognitive restructuring typically occurs in three steps: the identification, evaluation, and modification of automatic thoughts or underlying beliefs. The chapter provides guidance for implementing each of these steps. Cognitive reappraisal is often done verbally in the context of conversation between the client and clinician in session. In addition, clinicians often use one or more aids that help clients to organize their work and remember the fruits of their work outside of session. When cognitive reappraisal facilitates the approach toward (versus avoidance of) life problems, tolerance of uncertainty and distress, and acceptance, then it can be a powerful tool that enhances quality of life and allows clients to embrace the full array of cognitive and behavioral strategies that clinicians can offer them. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)