RDWT domain watermarking based on independent component analysis extraction

Abstract

We present a new digital watermarking in which redundant wavelet transform (RDWT) is applied for watermark embedding and independent component analysis (ICA) is used to extract the watermark. By using RDWT, a large logo watermark can be embedded into transform coefficients. The advantage of using large logo is the ability to carry redundant information about copyright, increasing the robustness. In the embedding procedure, the watermark is embedded in RDWT domain. However, in the extraction procedure, the watermark is directly extracted from the watermarked image in spatial domain by an ICA-based detector. The experiment shows that the proposed scheme produces less image distortion than conventional DWT and is robust against Jpeg/Jpeg2000/SPIHT image compression and other attacks. © 2006 Springer.