Recent Advances in Complete Methane Oxidation using Zeolite-Supported Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts

Abstract

The high fuel efficiency of natural gas makes it an attractive alternative to coal and oil during the transition towards renewable energy resources. Natural gas engines are needed to ensure a stable power grid that can accommodate fluctuations in renewable energy production. Unfortunately, these engines emit as much as 3–4 % of the methane (CH4) in the natural gas under learn-burn conditions. This methane slip has a high environmental cost since CH4 is a potent greenhouse gas. Complete catalytic oxidation of CH4 can potentially control the emission. Unfortunately, the best performing Pd/Al2O3 catalysts suffer from severe deactivation under operating conditions. After decades of little progress, zeolite-supported catalysts have recently attracted increased attention. Here, we review the current status, challenges, and prospects for controlling methane emissions from large engines using zeolite-based catalysts. The determining factors for catalytic activity and stability are the zeolite topology, alumina content, counter-ion, and active metal nanoparticles incorporation. In addition, we highlight the importance of testing under realistic operation conditions. Thus, the review provides a framework for developing a catalyst technology critically needed to fulfill the Paris Climate Agreement.