Pelvic Floor Anatomy

Abstract

The maintenance of the correct integrity of the pelvic floor is fundamental for the physiology of this complex anatomical region, as it is involved in functions such as defecation, urination, sexual activities, especially in women, and in puerperium. In fact, the pelvic floor closes the pelvis and holds organs (uterus, rectum, urethra, bladder, and prostate) inside the body. Although there is good anatomical knowledge of the region, the neurological and biomechanical functions of the pelvic floor are not well understood and knowledge of these is continuously evolving. Consequently, correct assessment of pelvic floor anatomy is essential to understand the pathogenesis and surgical correction of pelvic disturbances.