Cyclophotocoagulation under Microscopy Combined with Phacoemulsification for Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cyclophotocoagulation under microscopy combined with phacoemulsification in patients with primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma. We retrospectively reviewed the results of cyclophotocoagulation under microscopic direct vision combined with phacoemulsification in 35 eyes (35 patients) with primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma and coexisting visually significant cataracts, treated between January 2017 and April 2020 at the glaucoma unit of the affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months postoperatively. The preoperative to postoperative changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, and surgery-associated complications were recorded. The BCVA improved from 1.15 ± 0.91 logMAR preoperatively to 0.86 ± 0.82 logMAR at the final postoperative examination (Z = -3.62, P<0.0001). The mean IOP was 36.63 ± 13.50 mmHg preoperatively and 15.14 ± 3.19 mmHg at the final examination (Z = -5.16, P<0.0001). The number of antiglaucoma drugs was significantly reduced from 2.23 ± 0.55 preoperatively to 0.54 ± 0.86 at the final postoperative examination (Z = -5.26, P<0.0001). The absolute value of the mean defect and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness at the last follow-up postoperatively were significantly reduced compared to preoperative values (Z = -3.35, P=0.001; Z = -4.56, P<0.001, respectively). One patient experienced an explosive suprachoroidal hemorrhage during the operation. The sclera was incised at the corresponding site of the intraoperative hemorrhage. The operation was continued once there was no active bleeding, and the outcome was satisfactory. None of the patients required additional surgery to treat complications. Thus, cyclophotocoagulation under microscopic direct vision combined with phacoemulsification can be performed safely for the management of primary angle-closure glaucoma.