Bioactivity of honey and propolis of tetragonula laeviceps in Thailand

Abstract

In Thailand, bee products have long been used in traditional medicine. Honey and propolis extracts of Tetragonula laeviceps inhibit the growth of many microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (by honey) and Herpes simplex virus. The chemical composition of water extracts of propolis (WEP) and dose-dependent antimicrobial activities are reported. Ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) has antimalarial activity, as do peptides. Both honey and propolis may possess anticancer qualities. The percentage of cell viability, DNA fragmentation, and change in morphology of treated cancer cells are described. Safety and efficacy of chemical raw materials, including contamination with plant pollen and pathogenic spores, must be addressed before advocating widespread consumption of raw bee products.