Determinan Penyebab Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita: Tinjauan Literatur

Abstract

Stunting is a short body condition caused by chronic malnutrition that is not handled properly and immediately. Stunting is one of the nutritional problems that occur in the world or Indonesia. Many factors can cause of stunting. To review the factors that can cause stunting among children aged under five years such as maternal education, maternal knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding, giving complementary food, low birth weight history, history of infectious diseases, sanitation, and socioeconomic status of the family. Literature review is carried out through searching relevant articles from electronic databases (Google Scholar, DOAJ, Pubmed, Garuda portal) using the following keywords:“stunting”, “related factor”, “children”, “factor determinant”, “kejadian stunting”, “faktor terjadi stunting”, “balita stunting”. There are 21 articles obtained with limitations from 2016 - 2020 and in-depth analysis has been done. Result: Factors that can cause stunting in children ages under five yearse include low maternal education and knowledge of mothers who lack understanding of fulfilling nutritional intake in children, not given exclusive breastfeeding, giving complementary food that is not appropriate for age, LBW history, history of infectious diseases such as ISPA and recurrent diarrhea, poor environmental sanitation, and low socioeconomic status of the family in fulfilling nutrition in children.The importance of management problem of stunting so that it does not become one of the problems that can cause growth and development problems in the future. Keyword: