Coastal Environment and Social Environment Affecting the Vulnerability of Communities to Malaria Events in the Coastal Area of Syiah Kuala Sub-district of Banda Aceh

Abstract

Banda Aceh city is dominated by coastal areas which are vulnerable areas as malaria vector breeding sites, Syiah Kuala Sub-district is one of the Sub-districts located in coastal areas with Annual Malaria Incident of 133 cases in 2017. This study aims to analyze coastal environmental factors and social environment against malaria. This type of research is a survey, using the mixed method model Concurrent Embedded method with a population of all households in 6 Villages of 5,628 households taking a sample of 112 respondents using the proportion formula. Data collection was done through questionnaires, observations, distance measurements and in-depth interviews with 6 informants, the data were analyzed bivariately using the chi-square test. The results showed that there were influences of lagoons, fish ponds, activities at certain times and knowledge of the incidence of malaria. Maintenance of malaria elimination can be optimized with coordinated, integrated planning and implementation efforts in the malaria breakdown forum. Raising and enhancing partnerships with various programs, sectors, NGOs, religious organizations, professional organizations, international organizations, donor institutions, business institutions and all levels of society by conducting migration surveys, investigating at-risk residents and monitoring the mobility of people who come and go to endemic areas to prevent malaria cases from re-entering. Malaria vector control in larva and positive larvae in the location focus by involving the community to support malaria elimination maintenance programs, especially in potential mosquito breeding sites such as lagoons, unproductive fish ponds by maintaining tilapia and blue panchax.