Acute Viral Encephalitis in Adults

Abstract

Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) result in the clinical syndromes of aseptic meningitis or encephalitis [1-3]. The true incidence of these infections is difficult to determine because the diagnosis may not be considered, many cases are unreported, or a specific viral etiology is never confirmed. However, these disorders occur with sufficient frequency that clinicians should be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic options [4]. Unfortunately, the clinical syndromes and results of routine laboratory tests are typically nonspecific. Thus, other infectious and noninfectious causes must be entertained when evaluating such patients, particularly those disorders that are treatable.