Penggunaan Aksis Jantung Pisang untuk Penyediaan Sumber Eksplan Bebas Bakteri

Abstract

The sterile culture is very important in cryopreservation works. Bacterial-free explant sources are difficult to obtain during in vitro culture of banana. Floral bud is expected as bacterial-free explant sources because the organ emerges above the ground and protected by bracts. The purposes of this study are to obtain optimal concentration of BA to regenerate male bud floral axis explants of Barangan variety and to prove that cultures derived from these explants were free from bacterial contamination. Two-millimeter pieces of male bud floral axis of Barangan variety were planted on MS medium containing of 1 μM IAA, 200 g/l CH, and 2% sucrose. Experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with the treatment of BA (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 μM) in 10 replications. Subculture was conducted by using MS media containing of 10 μM BA and 1 μM IAA. The variable observed were percentage of browning, number of nodules, number of shoots, number of normal shoots, number of abnormal shoots, and number of nonsurvived shoots. The screening towards bacterial contamination was conducted by using medium containing of 10 g/l trypton, 10 g/l glucose, and 5 g/l yeast extract. The results showed that the explants could regenerate into shoots. The 25 μM BA was the best treatment because it could produce the highest number of total and normal shoots, i.e. 9.2 shoots/explant and 6 shoots/explant, respectively. All of the shoots regenerated from male bud floral axis were 100% free from bacterial contamination, whereas all of the shoots regenerated from suckers were contaminated by bacteria.