Nano-sized Liposomes for nose to brain delivery of Carmustine Formulation, Optimization by Box Behnken design

Abstract

Successful treatment of glioma remains a hard challenge. This study aims at the development and assessment of nano sized liposomal vesicles (NSL) loaded with Carmustine (CS) for the treatment of glioma. The experimental NSLs were developed by conventional lipid layer hydration technique and were characterized by different parameters such as % Entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in vitro drug release study. The optimized Carmustine nanosized liposomes (OCS-NSLs) presented the practical values of % EE of CS is 94.27 ± 0.25%, particle size of 235.65 ± 12.87 nm and in vitro drug release of CS 97.089 ± 1.76%. On the base of the polynomial equation, it was resolved that as the total lipid to drug concentration increases, the % EE of optimized formulation and this leads to more space for the accommodation of drug particle, likewise addition of lipid content as well reduces the escaping of drug into the external phase. OCS-NSLs were spherical in shape with a smooth surface as depicted from SEM data. A TEM study confirmed formation of vesicles with intact outer bilayer. In vitro drug release of 95.67± 1.54% was reported for the OCS-NSLs along with a sustained release of CS over a 24 h study period with desired kinetic values. Hence, the optimized formulation has shown a better response on Carmustine loaded nano liposomal formulation for intranasal application.