Healthcare resource utilization and costs in 23–25-year-old women with human papillomavirus (HPV) associated anogenital diseases in Germany – a retrospective analysis of statutory health insurance claims data

Abstract

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes multiple anogenital diseases including cervical cancer and is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with HPV-related anogenital diseases includes diagnostic and disease specific treatment regimens. A recent study showed disease burden of young women aged 23–25 years, who were the first populations eligible to receive HPV vaccination after its introduction in Germany. Cost for the German statutory health insurance (SHI) due to HPV‑related anogenital diseases in this population are unknown. This study aimed at assessing HRU and costs related to HPV-associated anogenital diseases for the Germany SHI. Methods: We used a retrospective, matched cohort design to leverage the prior identified cohort of 23–25-year-old women born between 1989–1992 diagnosed with HPV-related anogenital disease from the Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin (InGef) Research Database. German SHI claims data from 2012–2017 were analyzed. The prior identified cases were matched (direct, without replacement) to women without anogenital diseases (1:10 ratio). HRU and costs for inpatient care, outpatient care, and pharmaceutical during a 3-year observation period were determined for both cases and controls and increments between the groups were assessed. Results: 2,972 women diagnosed with anogenital diseases (cases) who were matched to 29,720 women without anogenital diseases (controls). Cases had more outpatient visits (52.4 visits vs. 39.2 visits) and more cases (45.2% vs. 31.7%) were hospitalized at least once in the 3‑year observation period. Most common outpatient procedures performed in cases were conization of the cervix uteri (4.4% cases; n < 5 controls), followed by other excision and destruction of diseased tissue of the cervix uteri (3.1% in cases; 0.0% in controls). Median difference in total healthcare costs of €684 (mean difference: €1,089, 95%CI: €752–1,426) suggest that HPV-related anogenital diseases were responsible for approximately €3.2 Million more healthcare costs for the identified cases in the four birth cohorts within the 3‑year observation period in the InGef Research Database. Costs were mainly driven by outpatient care (41.6% of total costs). Conclusion: In Germany, HPV-related anogenital diseases among young women are associated with considerable HRU and financial expenditures, mostly driven by outpatient care.