Histopathology

Abstract

Core Messages: Adjacent, apparently normally pigmented skin should always be included to compare pig-mented and non-pigmented skin. It is important to indicate to the pathologist whether the lesion is stable or progressive. The main histological finding in vitiligo is a marked reduction or absence of pigmentation along the basal layer of the epidermis. Absence or loss of melanocytes in vitiligo leads to an absence of melanin resulting in depigmen-tation. Histochemistry (Fontana-Masson stain) and immunohistochemistry help to demonstrate pigment and cell loss. Associated inflammatory changes and/or pigmentary incontinence may or may not be present, in variable intensity, generally mild, and are noted at an early stage at the border of progressing lesions. Histopathology is needed to rule out other causes of acquired hypopigmentation, especially mycosis fungoides and leprosy. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.