ANTIBACTERIAL, CYTOTOXICITY, AND BIOSYNTHETIC GENE CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF CORAL-ASSOCIATED ACTINOBACTERIA FROM MENJANGAN BESAR ISLAND, KARIMUNJAWA NATIONAL PARK

Abstract

Coral-associated actinobacteria have been abundantly reported for their biological properties, particularly as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. This study was carried out to investigate the potential of coral-associated actinobacteria as antibacterial and cytotoxic agents and analyze the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of the most remarkable isolate. Coral Porites cylindrica was collected from Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Based on the antibacterial screening, three out of fifteen isolates demonstrated the potential as antibacterial agents, such as CSM 11, CSM 13, and CSM 18. They were identified as Streptomyces rochei, S. xiamenensis, and S. albus, respectively. There were no crude extracts that demonstrated antibacterial activity. S. rochei CSM 11 from A11 medium showed a strong cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 4.50 µg/mL. The antiSMASH analysis described that S. rochei contains 33 clusters with various bioactive compounds.