Autoeficacia en cuidadores de personas con discapacidad: Revisión integrativa

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The capacity of family caregivers to meet the demands of home care is developed individually according to the capacity of self-efficacy that they achieve throughout life. AIM: To know the perception of self-efficacy of family caregivers of people with disabilities. METHODS: The PICO format was used for the research question. Scientific articles were searched in the Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, BVS and WOS databases, taking into account the descriptors: self-efficacy, caregivers and people with disabilities, with their respective translations into English and Portuguese. Four different search strategies were established using the AND boolean. The filters applied were: full text and time limit from 2008 to 2018. RESULTS: 74 studies were identified, 68 of which were eliminated. Finally, the study included 6 studies that evaluate the perception of self-efficacy in the family caregiver of people with disabilities. Studies report self-efficacy as a coping mechanism with strong predictive validity in health conditions and domains of health behaviors. The most commonly reported association is between self-efficacy and perceived overload, where there is a negative linear association. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy is a powerful and modifiable determinant of behavior, so it should be the focus of nursing professionals. The need arises to define models of intervention in nursing together with families through an accompaniment over time.