Eastern proto-logics

Abstract

An alternative semantic framework is proposed in the following to reconstruct andmake sense of “Eastern logics”: a Question-Answer Semantics (thereafter: QAS), including a set of questions-answers and a finite number of ensuing non-Fregean logical values. Thus, meaning is provided by yes-no answers to corresponding questions about relevant properties. These logical values help to show that the Saptabhaṅgī (and its dual, viz., the Buddhist Mādhyamaka Catuṣkoṣi) is not a many-valued paraconsistent logic but, rather, a one-valued proto-logic: a constructive machinery that serves as a formal theory of judgment, rather than a Tarskian-like theory of consequence. Such an explanatory model of contradiction assumes a deep redefinition of logical values.