Protein-bound homocyst(e)ine. A possible risk factor for coronary artery disease

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Abstract

The development of atherosclerotic changes and thromboembolism are common features in homocystinurics. Hence, we postulate a positive correlation between the level of homocyst(e)ine in the blood and the occurrence of coronary artery disease. Homocysteine is found either as free homocystine, cysteine-homocysteine mixed disulfide, or protein-bound homocyst(e)ine. In nonhomocystinuric subjects, most homocysteine molecules are detectable in the protein-bound form. Thus, protein-bound homocyst(e)ine in stored plasma which reflected total plasma homocyst(e)ine was determined in 241 patients with coronary artery disease (173 males and 68 females). The mean ± SD total plasma homocyst(e)ine was 5.41 ± 1.62 nmol/ml in male patients, 4.37 ± 1.09 nmol/ml in male controls, 5.66 ± 1.93 nmol/ml in female patients, and 4.16 ± 1.62 nmol/ml in female controls. The differences between the patients with coronary artery disease and the controls were statistically significant (P < 0.0005).

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Kang, S. S., Wong, P. W. K., Cook, H. Y., Norusis, M., & Messer, J. V. (1986). Protein-bound homocyst(e)ine. A possible risk factor for coronary artery disease. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 77(5), 1482–1486. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI112461

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