Dietary Sodium Intake and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Objective: To fill the knowledge gap of the relation between long-term dietary sodium intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D), we evaluate the association between the frequency of adding salt to foods, a surrogate marker for evaluating the long-term sodium intake, and incident T2D risk. Methods: A total of 402,982 participants from UK Biobank (March 13, 2006 – October 10, 2010) who were free of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline, and had completed information on adding salt were analyzed in this study. Results: During a median of 11.9 years of follow-up, 13,120 incident cases of T2D were documented. Compared with participants who “never/rarely” added salt to foods, the adjusted HRs were 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.15), 1.18 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.24), and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.37) across the groups of “sometimes,” “usually,” and “always,” respectively (P-trend