The nutritional habits of women who train in fitness clubs and the potential implications on menstrual cycle disorders

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Nutrition is one of the most important lifestyle elements influencing health and contributing to the correct functioning of the human body. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the research was to analyse the nutritional behaviour and disorders of the monthly cycle in women training in fitness clubs (F-Fitness) compared to women who did not participate in any training (C- Control). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 248 women, aged 21.5 ± 3 years, took part in the study (F:120, C:128). The author's survey was used for the research. The U Mann-Whitney and Chi2 tests were used for comparisons of the groups and multiple regression analyses were used for continuous outcomes and multiple logistic regression analyses for binary outcomes. RESULTS: In comparison with the control group women training in fitness clubs avoided sweets, fried food, highly processed products as well as snacking between meals. The Fitness Group ate more meals during the day, wherever possible at fixed times, ate vegetables and fish more frequently, drank more fluids. The Fitness Group used protein supplements and "special diets" more often, including balanced, starvation and calorie restricted diets and admitted to more frequent compulsive overeating. In the Fitness Group menstrual disorders were more frequent, F vs C: 30% vs 18%. Factors increasing menstrual disorders included: a special diet: OR 3.85, (95% CI 1.11-13.36), p=0.033 and starvation diet: OR 4.15, (95% CI 1.84-9.33), p= 0.001. The factors which reduced menstrual cycle disorders were: a balanced diet: OR 0.09, (95% CI 0.01-0.58); p=0.011 and snacking between meals: OR 0.43, (95% CI 0.24-0.80); p=0.008. CONCLUSIONS: The factors that increased the possibility of menstrual disorders were: special and starvation diets. Conversely, the reduction in the probability of menstrual disorders was associated with a balanced diet and snacking between meals.

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APA

Witkoś, J., & Hartman-Petrycka, M. (2021). The nutritional habits of women who train in fitness clubs and the potential implications on menstrual cycle disorders. Przeglad Epidemiologiczny, 75(3), 437–453. https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.75.41

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